How Common is Lactose Intolerance in Children? Symptoms & Treatment Explained

Lactose intolerance is a condition many parents hear about, but not everyone understands how it affects children. It occurs when the body has difficulty digesting lactose, the natural sugar found in milk and dairy products. Parents often wonder how common lactose intolerance is in kids, and while it is widespread in certain populations, its impact on infants and children can be confusing. Recognizing the symptoms early and knowing the right treatment can make a big difference in supporting your child’s comfort, growth, and overall health.

What is Lactose Intolerance?

Lactose intolerance happens when the body does not produce enough lactase, the enzyme needed to break down lactose. Without sufficient lactase, lactose remains undigested in the digestive system, leading to discomfort such as gas, bloating, and diarrhea.

Children may develop lactose intolerance for genetic reasons, or it may occur temporarily after stomach illnesses that affect the lining of the intestine. In infants, it is important to distinguish between lactose intolerance and other digestive issues, since symptoms often overlap.

How Common is Lactose Intolerance in Children?

According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), lactose intolerance is rare in children younger than five and occurs more often in adolescents and young adults. Globally, about 65% to 70% of the population experiences some form of lactose intolerance, most often the primary type that develops gradually with age.

In children, secondary lactose intolerance is more common and usually follows gastrointestinal infections or intestinal injury. Prevalence also varies by ethnicity, with earlier onset seen in Native American, Asian, African American, and Hispanic or Latino children, while White Northern European, Australian, and North American populations are less commonly affected.

Symptoms of Lactose Intolerance in Children

Recognizing the symptoms early helps parents know when to seek medical advice. Common signs include:

• Bloating and gas after consuming milk or dairy.
• Diarrhea occurs soon after eating lactose-containing foods.
• Abdominal cramps and pain.
• Nausea or occasional vomiting.

In infants, symptoms may include fussiness after feeding, frequent watery stools, diaper rash from acidic stools, or trouble gaining weight. These signs may look similar to food allergies or other digestive problems, so it is always best to get an evaluation from a pediatrician.

Can Children Outgrow Lactose Intolerance?

One question parents often ask is, can you outgrow lactose intolerance? The answer depends on the type of lactose intolerance.

• Congenital lactose intolerance (present from birth) is very rare and lifelong.
• Primary lactose intolerance, the most common type, usually becomes more noticeable with age as lactase production decreases.
• Secondary lactose intolerance may occur after a stomach infection or intestinal damage, but children often recover and regain normal lactose digestion once the intestine heals.

So, while infants may temporarily experience lactose intolerance, many improve with time. However, older children who develop primary lactose intolerance typically manage it long-term with diet adjustments.

Treatment for Lactose Intolerance in Children

Lactose intolerance can be managed effectively. You can take several steps to ensure their child gets proper nutrition without discomfort:

• Lactose-free or low-lactose dairy: Options like lactose-free milk and cheese are widely available.
• Enzyme supplements: Lactase tablets or drops may help children digest dairy more easily.
• Gradual reintroduction: Some children tolerate small amounts of lactose if introduced slowly.
• Dairy alternatives: Soy milk, almond milk, oat milk, and fortified non-dairy products provide calcium and vitamin D without lactose.

These treatment methods not only reduce symptoms but also support overall growth and development.

Managing Lactose Intolerance in Infants

When it comes to infants, special care is required. Parents searching for treatment for lactose intolerance in infants should know that dietary adjustments must be made cautiously under medical guidance.

• Special formulas: Lactose-free or reduced-lactose infant formulas can help relieve discomfort.
• Breastfed babies: Mothers may need to adjust their diets temporarily if the infant is sensitive.
• Close monitoring: Keep an eye on weight gain, stool consistency, and overall growth.

Because the symptoms of lactose intolerance in infants can resemble other digestive issues, it’s important to consult a pediatric gastroenterologist for a proper diagnosis.

Tips for Parents: Helping Your Child Cope with Lactose Intolerance

Managing a lactose-free or low-lactose lifestyle for kids doesn’t have to be overwhelming. With a few practical strategies, children can thrive while enjoying a variety of foods.

• Read food labels carefully: Lactose can be hidden in bread, cereals, and processed snacks.
• Plan balanced meals: Include plenty of calcium-rich alternatives like fortified non-dairy milk, leafy greens, and tofu.
• Communicate with schools: Ensure teachers and caregivers know about your child’s dietary needs.
• Offer support: Older children may feel different from peers, especially when avoiding common foods. Encourage open conversations and involve them in meal planning.

Support Your Child’s Health With the Right Care for Lactose Intolerance

Lactose intolerance is a common digestive concern for children, but with the right care, it can be managed effectively. By recognizing symptoms early, exploring treatment options, and making smart dietary adjustments, you can help your child feel comfortable and thrive.

If your child continues to experience digestive issues after consuming dairy, it’s best to seek expert guidance. With over two decades of experience as a pediatric gastroenterologist, Dr. Mona Dave can provide a personalized plan that supports your child’s nutrition, growth, and overall wellness.