11 Oct Understanding Childhood Cancer: Insights from a Gastroenterologist on Prevention and Early Detection 

As a parent, hearing that your child has cancer is one of the most heartbreaking things you can imagine. It’s a life-changing diagnosis that turns your world upside down, filled with doctors’ appointments, treatments, and the unknown. As a gastroenterologist who often treats children and young adults, I want to share some important information that may help families navigate this difficult topic, and perhaps even prevent some cancers before they occur. 

Childhood Cancer: More Common Than You Think 

It’s easy to assume that cancer is something that only happens to older adults, but the truth is that it’s the leading cause of death by disease in children in the U.S. In 2023 alone, around 9,620 children (from birth to age 14) and 5,290 teenagers (aged 15 to 19) were diagnosed with cancer. Every day, approximately 47 families receive the devastating news that their child has cancer. Unfortunately, not all children survive—one in seven children diagnosed with cancer will not live past five years. 

One of the cancers I’ve been seeing more of as a gastroenterologist is colorectal cancer. Studies show that cancer rates are increasing in young people, including children, teens, and young adults. In fact, from 1999 to 2020, rates of colorectal cancer increased by 500% in children aged 10 to 14 and by 333% in teens aged 15 to 19. These numbers are concerning, but they highlight the importance of awareness and early detection. 

Obesity and Cancer: A Risk You Can Address 

One major risk factor that contributes to childhood cancer, particularly cancers affecting the digestive system, is obesity. Obesity is linked to a higher risk of developing several types of cancer, including colorectal, liver, and pancreatic cancer. This is especially important to know as a parent because childhood obesity rates are on the rise. Currently, about 20% of children in the U.S. are classified as obese, and this number is expected to reach 30% by 2030. 

Obesity causes chronic inflammation in the body, which damages cells and can lead to cancer. It also leads to insulin resistance, which encourages cell growth in a way that promotes cancer. As a gastroenterologist, I frequently see patients whose health issues are linked to being overweight or obese, and the good news is that this is something we can work together to address. 

What You Can Do to Reduce Your Child’s Cancer Risk 

The best way to help prevent obesity-related cancers is to start building healthy habits early in your child’s life. Here are a few steps you can take: 

-Promote a Balanced Diet: Encourage your child to eat a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Limiting sugary drinks and processed foods can also go a long way in reducing the risk of obesity and the health problems that come with it. 

– Encourage Physical Activity: Children should be active for at least 60 minutes each day. This doesn’t have to mean formal exercise—playing outside, riding a bike, or participating in sports all count. 

– Create Healthy Routines as a Family: Setting goals as a family, such as eating meals together or going for a walk after dinner, can make healthy living easier and more fun. The habits children develop now can stick with them for life. 

– Support Public Health Efforts: Advocate for healthier food options in schools, access to physical activities, and safe spaces for kids to play. These larger changes make it easier for families to make healthy choices. 

Recognizing the Warning Signs: What to Watch For 

While cancer in children is rare, it’s important to be aware of the signs, especially when it comes to cancers that affect the digestive system. If your child has unusual symptoms, such as persistent stomach pain, unexplained weight loss, rectal bleeding, or ongoing fatigue, don’t hesitate to bring it up with your doctor. As a gastroenterologist, I’ve seen cases where early intervention made a significant difference in the outcome. 

For instance, I’ve had young patients referred to me with symptoms like abdominal pain or bleeding, and through careful listening and testing, we’ve been able to identify cancers that weren’t obvious at first. Catching cancer early gives your child the best chance for successful treatment, so trust your instincts if something seems off and seek medical advice. 

Supporting Families Affected by Childhood Cancer 

If your family has been affected by cancer, know that you’re not alone. There are many resources available to provide support, from counseling services to online communities. Raising awareness about childhood cancer, sharing your experiences, and supporting other families going through the same thing can make a world of difference. 

As a gastroenterologist, my role isn’t just to treat digestive problems; it’s to look at the big picture of health. This includes educating families about how they can reduce their cancer risk and advocating for early detection. Together, we can take steps to protect our children’s health, now and in the future.